The meniscus is stretched until a thin jet tapers from its tip due to the action of a gas stream driven by a pressure drop. A modular microfluidic device via multimaterial 3d printing for emulsion generation. The production of compound particles is an important field. Microfluidic devices fabricated using stereolithography for. Dropletbased microfluidics are a versatile tool to generate double emulsions, which is a droplet inside a droplet in a continuous phase. Microfluidic method for creating monodisperse viscous. Weitzmonodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device. Monodisperse double emulsions generated with a microcapillary. Second, we propose a similar fullglass device for generation of. Weitz1,2 double emulsions are highly structured fluids consisting of emulsion drops that contain smaller droplets inside. Main journal of colloid and interface science monodisperse alginate microcapsules with oil core generated from a microfluidic device journal of colloid and interface science 2010 vol.
Conclusions this work was supported by eps rc first grant no. The double emulsion device was tested at a variety of flow conditions to demonstrate the formation of varied size, monodisperse double emulsions. The output is a dispersed liquid or gas, frequently in the form of a fine aerosol or an emulsion. This device consists of four independent capillary microfluidic devices, operated in parallel. Jun 19, 2014 creating droplets with viscous media in microfluidic devices is extremely problematic due to the early onset of jetting.
While tracing out spatial paths with an injection tip, the granular gel fluidizes at the point of injection and then rapidly solidifies, trapping injected material in place. These double emulsions can encapsulate molecules in the inner aqueous phase with essentially 100% ef. Four reversible and reconfigurable structures for threephase emulsions. Published 15 september 2006 2006 iop publishing ltd journal of micromechanics and microengineering, volume 16, number 11. Arrows indicate the flow direction of fluids and drops. A uniform stream of double emulsions with multiple inner droplets nin1 was produced while operating in the jetting regime resulting from the high viscosity of the outer o2 phase as compared to that of the middle w phase 8. Formation of monodisperse coreshell droplets with relatively thick shells. Oct 08, 2004 a microfluidic device having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components is exploited for production of multiplephase emulsions. Kaplan p d, stone h a and weitz d a 2005 monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device science 308 53741. Transition from squeezing to dripping in a microfluidic tshaped junction volume 595 m. Although double emulsions are potentially of commercial value, traditional fabrication by means of two emulsification steps leads to very illcontrolled structuring.
Flow focusing may be applied in the food, medicine, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, photographic and environmental industry, among other potential uses. In addition, monodisperse double emulsions with three different inner droplets can be generated in a device with three different inner channels. Jan 15, 20 then the dispersed phase can be injected by hand, also using a pipette. Microfluidic method for creating monodisperse viscous single. A microcapillary device was used to make double emulsions in utada et al. Double emulsion production in glass capillary microfluidic device. This contrasts with the case of a sloped reservoir for which the depth of. Weitz science 308, 537 2005 micro and nanostructures through selfassembly guillaume tresset and shoji takeuchi. Four reversible and reconfigurable structures for three.
Allaqueous coreshell droplets have recently been generated through a process of spontaneous phase separation. Highthroughput production of micrometer sized double. Writing in the granular gel medium science advances. All double emulsion generation processes were monitored with the microscope using a high speed camera. A microfluidic device having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components. However, there has been no report on the microfluidic device for the preparation of wow emulsions with an ultrathin, nanometerthick, oil phase layer. Designer emulsions using microfluidics an emulsion is a mixture of two immiscible liquids, where one liquid is dispersed in the form of small drops in another liquid that forms a continuous phase14. The alginate microcapsules with oil cores are generated in a microcapillary microfluidic device using monodisperse oilinwaterinoil owo double emulsions as templates. Double emulsions are dispersions of a third liquid inside the droplets of the first emulsion. The meniscus is stretched until a thin jet tapers from its tip due.
The droplets generated by the device are monodisperse with d 1. Enhancedthroughput production of polymersomes using a. Monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary. In contrast to bulk emulsification techniques, dropletbased microfluidics produce one droplet after the other, allowing precise tuning of the droplet diameters and the generation of highly monodisperse emulsions and double emulsions 2,3. During generation of the doubleemulsion drops, the. Development of novel drug formulation using micro uidic device. The process of lipid vesicle formation from double emulsions and the resulting lipid vesicles were imaged with a digital camera.
Collective generation of milliemulsions by stepemulsification. A new assembly method and device for microfluidic double emulsion. To achieve this, a classic capillary microfluidic device is firstly designed to. For the generation of monodisperse wow double emulsions. A monolithically threedimensional flowfocusing device for. Results and discussion monodisperse double emulsions are generated with a glass microcapillary microfluidic device. This report presents a method of creating highly monodisperse single emulsions of high viscosity. Highly uniform emulsion droplets can be generated by. Monodisperse coreshell microparticles size 100 to 250. Microfluidic devices fabricated using stereolithography. Double emulsion, microcapillary, microfluidics, emulsion. The observations are compared with the predictions. The effect of the degree of confinement and viscosity ratio is systematically investigated.
Novel method for obtaining homogeneous giant vesicles from a monodisperse waterinoil emulsion prepared with a microfluidic device. The deformation and orientation of droplets during transient shear flow is studied in a counterrotating device using microscopy. In this paper, the authors present a mechanism by which to produce monodisperse double emulsions with a high degree of control. A reproducible approach to the assembly of microcapillaries. Simple and inexpensive microfluidic devices for the. Monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device article pdf available in science 3085721. We design a microcapillary device to generate dualcore double emulsion droplets, which contain two different inner aqueous drops labeled cores a and b inside an oil shell, as shown in fig. Microfluidic devices can generate double emulsions in a single step, allowing precision control of. Mar 19, 2018 monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device. Flow focusing is a technology whose aim is the production of drops or bubbles by straightforward hydrodynamic means.
Droplets produced at each junction could have narrow. Monodisperse double emulsion drops composed of an alginate droplet surrounded by a mineral oil drop dispersed in an aqueous cacl. We report a parallelized capillary microfluidic device for enhanced production rate of monodisperse polymersomes. Nov 12, 2008 the deformation and orientation of droplets during transient shear flow is studied in a counterrotating device using microscopy. The fluid then spontaneously breaks up into monodisperse drops as it passes the nozzles. Double emulsiontemplated monodisperse phospholipid vesicles.
Gels made from soft microscale particles smoothly transition between the fluid and solid states, making them an ideal medium in which to create macroscopic structures with microscopic precision. Droplets produced at each junction could have narrow size. Controlled formulation of monodisperse double emulsions in a. A monolithically threedimensional flowfocusing device for formation of singledouble emulsions in closedopen microfluidic systems. Recent developments in manufacturing microand nanoparticles. Double emulsion generation using a polydimethylsiloxane. Controlled production of monodisperse double emulsions by two. The effect of the degree of confinement and viscosity ratio is syste. Microcapillary device monodisperse double emulsions generated from a.
The system consists of polydimethylsiloxane droplets of varying sizes and viscosities dispersed in a polyisobutylene matrix. This method utilises a threephase flow technique, where internal water droplets are. Monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device. Double emulsiontemplated monodisperse phospholipid. The aim of this study is to introduce a microcapillary devicebased micro.
However, it is difficult to generate monodisperse doubleemulsion drops with ultrathin shells using this. The manual production of thousands of monodisperse nanoliterscale drops is shown in movie s4, where the parallel device of fig. Monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device as utada, e lorenceau, dr link, pd kaplan, ha stone, da weitz science 308 5721, 537541, 2005. This paper gives an overview of our recent work on the use of microfluidic devices to formulate double emulsions. Double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device science 2005, 308, 537 541. Using a microcapillary device, we fabricated double emulsions that contained a single internal droplet in a core shell geometry. By associating both water and oilsoluble surfactants in various concentrations, we produce wow double emulsions. The double emulsion device created by the lab works as follows.
For these experiments, the inner and middle phase flow rates were held constant and the carrier phase flow rate was modified to affect the shearing force during droplet generation. Double emulsion generation using a polydimethylsiloxane pdms. In the flow focusing technique, a liquid flow rate q is injected through a microcapillary to form a meniscus attached to its edge. The double emulsions generated from microcapillary devices are very monodisperse as evidenced by the hexagonal close packing of the drops, illustrated by optical and. Monodisperse alginate microcapsules with oil core generated. Four reversible and reconfigurable structures for threephase. Generation of emulsion droplets and microbubbles in microfluidic. A modular microfluidic device via multimaterial 3d. Pdf monodisperse double emulsions generated from a. No other driving force is required, apart from traditional pumping, a key difference with other comparable technologies, such as electrospray where an electric field is needed. Although decreases as r increases, it never becomes smaller than, meaning that the critical state for the thread is never reached.
A microfluidic device having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components is exploited for production of multiplephase emulsions. A 3d printed microcapillary assembly for facile double emulsion generation. Weitz1 2 double emulsions are highly structured fluids consisting of emulsion drops that contain smaller droplets inside. For the generation of monodisperse wow double emulsions, 20 cp. Pdf synthetic membranes in microfluidic interfaces. Controlled production of monodisperse double emulsions by. Diatominspired microfluidic generation of tunable emulsions for macroporous silica by. Double emulsions have a high potential for applicability within the commercial field, because the middle liquid shields the inner liquid from the outer and so allows for effective. New frontiers in aerosol delivery during mechanical ventilation. This paper reports a new method that controls both the size and the number of double emulsion droplets through a microcapillary technique. Both the liquid jet and the gas stream cross the orifice of a plate located in front of the capillary at a distance h. We show that threedimensional devices fabricated using stereolithography can generate monodisperse double emulsions and enable precision control of the sizes and number of encapsulated droplets. H a group of double emulsion drops, each containing a single inner drop.
When the floor and ceiling are parallel, the quasistatic shape of the tongue is a circular pancake of radius r and curvature. Common types of emulsions include oilinwater ow, such as milk, and water in oil wo, like butter. Previously, methods to produce double emulsions resulted in a high degree of variability, making overall yield of useful double emulsions quite small. Effect of confinement and viscosity ratio on the dynamics. A modular microfluidic device via multimaterial 3d printing.
A microfluidic approach to encapsulate living cells in. Key issues in the controlled encapsulation of highly monodisperse drops include. Double wow emulsions consist in an inverse emulsion which is dispersed within a water continuous phase as direct emulsion droplets. Recently, microfluidic emulsification devices have attracted much attention due to their unprecedented. Jun 30, 2010 in the flow focusing technique, a liquid flow rate q is injected through a microcapillary to form a meniscus attached to its edge. Both the alginate microcapsule size and the thickness of alginate membrane can be easily controlled by modulating the dimensions of microfluidic device and the flow rates. In the reservoir, the curvature decreases as the tongue grows. Using a microcapillary device, we fabricated double emulsions that contained a single internal droplet in a coreshell geometry. Some stability criteria for double emulsions langmuir. To form www double emulsion, we use monodisperse ww droplets as templates, and. Double emulsions are highly structured fluids consisting of emulsion drops that contain smaller droplets inside. The aim of this paper is to explore the basic rules that govern the stability of double emulsions.
We demonstrate high throughput synthesis of wow and owo double emulsions, without the need for timeconsuming surface treatment of the 3d printed micro. Glass capillaries were heated and pulled by a microcapillary puller p, sutter. Oct, 2012 we report a parallelized capillary microfluidic device for enhanced production rate of monodisperse polymersomes. Monodisperse double emulsions generated from a microcapillary device a. Forced generation of simple and double emulsions in all. Creating droplets with viscous media in microfluidic devices is extremely problematic due to the early onset of jetting.
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